Strategically Evaluate The Accor Expansion Plan Tourism Essay

Deliberately Evaluate The Accor Expansion Plan Tourism Essay The creator needs to deliberately assess Accors development plan of including 10,000 rooms for every annum altogether during two years (2007-2008) in both built up advertise picked as United States of America and developing business sector picked as China. The creator will likewise survey the promoting, money related techniques that Accor has embraced in these business sectors till once in a while propose future procedures to extend in these business sectors. The creator will likewise be proposing about the brand that Accor should anticipate extend. Accorâ is a large French multinational partnership working in almost 90 nations and Accor Hospitality, the Accor lodgings branch, has in excess of 4,000 inns around the world. It begins from the most rich inns to the most financial housing arrangement. Added to its repertoire there are brands like sofitel, novotel, mercure, ibis, red rooftop hotels, etap, inn 6, studio 6 and formule 1. The gathering is hoping to grow its lodging business in a built up (USA) and setting up (China) advertise by including 20,000 rooms over the time of two years. The creator needs to deliberately assess and make recommendations to the gathering. With a corporate portrayal all through the world, Accor Hotels have gotten probably the biggest player in the business. It is a multifaceted association with various brands and capabilities of lodgings, just as advantageous items and administrations. Accor thinks that its imperative to consolidate the little and medium-sized inns in overseeing clients needs and demands as they are the immediate connect to the clients. Accorâ is a large French multinational partnership working in about 90 nations. Accor is the European chief in lodgings (Accor Hospitality) and a worldwide innovator in corporate administrations (Accor Services). Accor Hospitality, the Accor lodgings branch, has in excess of 4,000 inns around the world. It begins from the most rich inns to the most monetary housing arrangement. (Reference: http://www.fundinguniverse.com) Points Objectives: This report expects to create global extension plans for Accor in set up and developing business sector in the given range of time during the year 2007-2008. The goal is to give reason to the determination of business sectors, and propose marking, money, and showcasing methodology to the Board of ACCOR to include an extra 10,000 rooms for every annum across both set up business sectors (Europe, including France and North America) and different regions of the world (Latin America, Africa, Middle East and Asia/Pacific). Research Methodology: This report depends looking into the issue concentrate for the ACCOR gathering of inns which is from the module study control and is a bit of research by The Center for Hospitality Research at Cornell University. The different auxiliary sources got to have been as following: web, diaries, proficient reports, government reports and others to create information for the focused on business sectors. In 1967 Gã ©rard Pelisson and Paul Dubrule opened their first Novotel inn on a side of the road close to Lille in northern France. Travel was blasting in France during the 1960s and the lodging business had not yet extended to fulfill the need. French inns, when all is said in done, were either rustic motels or lavish inns in downtown areas. Dubrule chose to manufacture American-style parkway lodgings in the medium value run and worked together with Pelisson, a previous head of statistical surveying at IBM-Europe. Through Pelissons associations the accomplices had the option to make sure about a bank advance, and the Novotel firm was propelled. The companys resulting achievement was in enormous part because of its being first to break into the unexploited European market for interstate housing. Each Novotel gave normalized rooms, plentiful stopping offices, and cafés highlighting neighborhood cooking. Before long Novotels additionally were built up at air terminals and well known e xcursion locales, for example, the ocean side and mountain zones. The procurement of the Mercure lodging network in 1975 drove the organization into metropolitan zones and the business explorer showcase, and these inns changed by local requests in style, character, and eatery contributions. Before the finish of the 1970s Novotel had become the chief lodging network in Europe with 240 foundations in Europe, Africa, South America, and the Far East. Accors brand around the world Formule1 Most minimal rates available. Utilitarian space for one, A few people. Everything you-can-have breakfast buffet. Nonstop registration. Etap Charming advantageous space for one, a few people. Spending cost. Everything you-can-have breakfast buffet. Nonstop registration. Inn 6 The most minimal cost of any mainstream store. Red Roof Inn Remodeled item. Low rates. Agreeable beds. RediCard Preferred Part unwaveringness program. Ibis Basic, solid valuing strategy. Continuously very much arranged, in downtown areas, near air terminals or close to significant visitor or business regions. Administration quality (ISO 9001 affirmation and 15-minute fulfillment ensure). Naturally amicable waste, water and vitality the board frameworks. Groups working nonstop. Breakfast served from 4:00 a.m. to early afternoon. Hot snacks accessible whenever. Mercure Mutual qualities, for example, a solid territorial center, a one of a kind character and an outstanding wine list. For business and recreation stays, in downtown areas, at the ocean side or in the mountains. Novotel Open spaces including contemporary structure, for rest and unwinding. Splendid, extensive, lovely rooms where visitors can work or loosen up in an open to setting. Clients can eat whatever, at whatever point and any place they need. Offers adjusted to the requirements everything being equal. Suite Hotel Creative, present day idea. 30-square-meter secluded suites. With Boutique Gourmand, food can be bought nonstop in the inn entryway. Free loosening up rub each Thursday evening. The more drawn out the remain, the lower the cost. Shrewd vehicles made accessible gratis to medium-stay clients. Sofitel Prime areas in driving business habitats and resorts. Every inn is special in its structure, design and culture. Sofitels selective MyBed idea, the assurance of a decent evenings rest. Eateries offering imaginative, contemporary cooking that shocks burger joints, arousing their faculties and blending their feelings. Lodging Distribution Worldwide Accor has its 4,000 lodgings in 90 nations. It has its essence every one of the seven mainlands and in all mojor urban areas. (Reference: www.accorhotels.com) Europe Africa Asia Australia North America Andorra Algeria Cambodia Australia Canada Austria Benin China Fiji Islands Mexico Belgium Burkina Faso India French Polynesia USA Bulgaria Burundi Indonesia New Zealand Cyprus Cameroun Japan Norfolk Island Czech Republic Chad Laos France Egypt Malaysia Germany Tropical Guinea Philippines Greece Gabon Singapore Hungary Ghana South Korea Ireland Guinea Thailand Italy Ivory Coast Vietnam Lithuania Mauritania Luxembourg Mauritius Monaco Morocco Netherlands Nigeria Poland Gathering Portugal Rwanda Romania Senegal Russia South Africa Spain Tunisia Advancement technique Accors lodging business has proceeded with its supported pace of advancement. Above all, they contrived another, increasingly effective plan of action dependent on two establishments: More grounded brands those are currently progressively obvious, increasingly appealing and all the more deliberately adjusted. An advantage right land technique, which comprises of adjusting working structures to the profile of every nation and market fragment. Pelisson and Dubrule built up their extending organization with a decentralized administration and an exceptional double chairmanship. In spite of the fact that to conform to French law the accomplices alternated holding the official situation of administrator, they settled on all choices together and shared obligations, drenching themselves in all parts of the business. The companys forte became assortment, giving inn networks to fit each need. In 1973 Sphere S.A. was made as a holding organization for another chain of two-star, nitty gritty lodgings, called Ibis; the primary Ibis was opened the next year. During this time, the organization likewise gained Courte Paille, a chain of side of the road steakhouses established in 1961, which reflected a large number of indistinguishable needs from Novotel: common sense, simple stopping, reliable quality, and speedy help. (Reference: http://www.fundinguniverse.com) Accor extended at a far swifter rate than its universal opponents, turning into the biggest administrator in Europe. It drove the market in France and West Germany, and extended in the medium and economy go in Spain, Italy, and Britain with its $75 million venture spending plan. The companys European base gave 75% of its income, with the greater part originating from lodgings and the rest from its foodservices. (Reference: http://www.fundinguniverse.com) In 1997, Dubrule and Pelisson chose to resign from dynamic administration and were prevailing by Jean-Marc Espalioux. Espaliouxs new supervisory group focussed on moving Accors money. In an exertion, to deleverage themselves and free assets to accommodate development, Accor discarded à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬3 billion of land resources as a feature of a deal and leaseback program. (Reference: http://www.fundinguniverse.com) Business Mix Accor S.A. works in inns and administrations segment around the world. It gives extravagance and upscale, midscale, and economy inn administrations. It additionally structures, creates, and oversees prepaid arrangements, including food vouchers, government assistance and help programs, family help arrangements, blessing vouchers and cards, dedication projects and impetus crusades, and cost the board administrations to corporate customers and open organizations. Likewise, the organization works cafés and gambling clubs, just as gives installed train administrations to the railroad division. Accor was consolidated in 1960 and is headquartered in Evry, France. Monetary Performance Benefit before charge rose to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬727 million out of 2005, an unequaled record, and the Gro

Early Language and Development Essay Example for Free

Early Language and Development Essay Language is an intricate and unique undertaking, superbly innovative simultaneously represented by a huge number of rules. Prior to the age of 1 year, babies speak with expectation, principally using body direction, outward appearances, motions, and nonsymbolic vocalizations that impersonate the inflections of their local language. Toward the finish of the primary year, be that as it may, numerous infants are starting to utilize word approximations, steady blends of sounds as a change to language, a representative arrangement of correspondence. During the little child years, language advancement is centered around semantics, or the significance of words, and on sentence structure the principles of syntax for the language. (Slentz, et al. , 2001) Early language improvements are urgent stage to one’s life. Baby’s language are through activities, and it could mean different importance. Infants can’t talk yet, however they have their own particular manners to tell us how they feel. From the earliest starting point, a mother and infant can be seen adjusting to one another. They duplicate each other’s developments and articulations with shared loosened up grins, and later with chuckling delight. (Clulow, et al. , 1993) Attunement is a basic factor for discourse and language when all is said in done. As indicated by John Bowlby (1980) early month †newborn child holding and connection are significant to early language and advancement, in this way it ought to be given significance by the mother to her infant as soon the infant was conceived. It is additionally noticed that our emotions are simpler to pass on or spoken with newborn children. For an occasion, child cries when he hears another infant crying or when a mother the mother is furious while holding the infant, the infant gets fastidious. (Klein, 1987) Moreover, at a beginning time, the mother’s discourse insists and reacts to the infant’s enthusiasm to get associated with â€Å"proto-conversation†, a non †verbal type of talk. Discourse draws in consideration, conveys emotions, and encourages social association just as encouraging language securing. (Clulow, et al. , 1993) If a mother can't adjust to her baby’s beat at that point, subsequently the infant will get upset. This thusly focuses on his mom, normally upsetting more, with the goal that an endless loop is likely. From birth onwards, youngsters can be viewed as dynamic members in connection. Concerning purposefulness, small kids create along a continuum, where they continuously figure out how to utilize progressively modern and ordinary intends to impart and furthermore show expanding ability in deliberately passing on implications to their intelligent accomplices. The most widely recognized open elements of early deliberate informative acts have been seen as solicitations for objects/activities and remarks on objects/activities (Paavola et al. ,2005) A mother’s capacity to screen her child’s visual consideration and presentation of a vocal or an exploratory demonstration and afterward to react instantly, unexpectedly and fittingly is typically alluded to as responsiveness. There is a ton of proof for the supporting job of maternal responsiveness in youngster language improvement However; the adequacy of maternal responsiveness may not be worldwide. Rather, it has been recommended that specific parts of responsiveness are more prescient than others to specific language results in the kid. Moreover, it is conceivable that youngsters vary in their should be guided and bolstered by their moms, which prompts contrasts in maternal job in early cooperations (Paavola et al. , 2005) According to Harris (1992) the connection between the subjective/perceptual procedures engaged with improvement and the childs etymological encounters. The initial phases in language advancement and the job of grown-up kid collaboration (both verbal and nonverbal) are significant. The attention is in transit parentsmothers in particularstructure the childs language-learning encounters with the goal that they are helpful for the means the youngster must take to ace the main phases of language obtaining. Besides, Harris (1992) presumes that early lexical turn of events (the learning of an underlying jargon) might be progressively delicate to singular contrasts in parental collaboration styles than has been shown to be the situation for syntactic turn of events. Thus, the accentuation of the monograph is on the period and procedures of parent communication and youngster language improvement from the pre-verbal stages, from half year old enough, through to the presence of word mixes, around 2 years old; that is, generally Browns (1973) Stage I and beginning time 2. There are 3 significant hypothetical debates about the nature and procedure of language improvement; the examination into the impact of grown-up discourse on childrens learning language; the job of the social interactional setting in helping language advancement; the childs utilization of the prompt referential setting in advancing through the initial phases in language advancement; and what establishes suitable proof with which to address these issues. (Harris, 1992) In the early long stretches of life, logical aptitudes (reacting to verbal and non-verbal parts of language) create as infants collaborate with their carers through crying, squinting and grinning. First words show up somewhere in the range of 12 and year and a half. (http://www. literacytrust. organization. uk/Research/earlylanguage. html) ? year olds can recognize words, mouth sounds and item clamors. They have phonetically explicit information on the favored status of language. (Pruden, et al. , (2006) ? Kids matured 18 to 35 months show learning through incorporation of prior guidance with ensuing critical thinking experience. Babies are not detached students. (Chen and Siegler, 2000) Furthermore, as per the site http://www. literacytrust. organization. uk, Mother-kid dynamic in language learning has been vital to early year’s investigate. Moms are frequently the prevalent impacts in childrens early years. The fixation on maternal discourse input infers that moms share a one of a kind relationship with their youngsters as they learn language, that moms are modified to react to childrens sounds in a manner that fortifies early language advancement and, thus, that the kid has a natural limit with regards to learning language. Early examinations around there found that moms discourse encourages, and, now and again, thwarts the language improvement of little youngsters. Social contact among guardians and newborn children are viewed as a contributing variable in language improvement. It is likewise noticed that social communication with others can either obstruct or advancement the children language. Condition and culture can impact one’s discourse too. A child whose guardians are Asian and American and living in Europe could some way or another obstruct his discourse particularly when there are various dialects at home. Being explicit at an early age could enable the infant to see more and becomes sensitive to his environmental factors. Moreover, when the youngster verbally sets up complex associations and relations between saw wonders with the assistance of a grown-up, the kid presents at every second basic subjective changes in the receptivity and understanding of tangible contribution to his mind. At the point when a youngster procures a word which segregates a specific thing and fills in as a sign for a specific activity, the kid completes an adult’s verbal guidance is associated with this word. (Eveloff, 1971) Toddlers assemble jargon dependent on extraordinary encounters, and new words are gained at a normal pace of single word every week until youngsters are year and a half old. A few babies center around essential words that allude to articles and individuals, and creating systems, for example, asking â€Å"what’s that† to evoke thing names accordingly from grown-ups. Different adolescents had vocabularies with more words for influence, movement or area, expressive language. Language is viewed as the most noteworthy versatile measure accessible to creating human. Language is profoundly identified with formative chains of command, for example, neurophysiologic, subjective, and emotional. .(Slentz, et al. , 2001) Overall, early language and advancement begins with guardians or the children guardian, it is a fundamental factor for guardians to be instructed appropriately on what are their jobs in building up their infants language. Babies’ language advancement can obstruct or advance, contingent upon the capacity of the guardians and how they connect with their children. I for one accept that instruction is the best apparatus so as to accomplish extraordinary outcomes for imparting admirably. Language, discourse, and feelings can be connected together. Feelings are enormously communicated through words, and along these lines this will prompt how we can impact the child’s language and improvement. Guardians are premier instructors on building up the trademark and character of the kid. Language factor is another contributing perspective on how the kid will become later on. References: Bowlby, J. (1980) Loss: Sadness Depression [Vol. 3 of Attachment and Loss]. London: Hogarth Press; New York: Basic Books; Harmondsworth: Penguin (1981). Earthy colored, R. W. (1973) A First Language: the Early Stages. Cambridge, Harvard University Press Chen, Z. , Siegler, R. S. (2000). Over the incredible partition: overcoming any issues between comprehension of toddlers’ and more seasoned children’s thinking. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 65 No. 2 Clulow, C. (1993) Human Development: An Introduction to the Psychodynamics of Growth, Maturity and Aging. Brain research Press UK Eveloff, H (1971) Some Cognitive and Affective Aspects of Early Language Development Child Development, Dec71, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p1895-1907, 13p; Harris, M (1992) Language Experience and Early Language Development: from contribution to Uptake Hove, UK: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Paavola, et al. , (2005) Maternal responsiveness and newborn child plan

Dantes Inferno Contrapasso essay sample

Dantes Inferno Contrapasso essay sample Contrapasso of Dantes Inferno People usually imagined hell as a place where souls of sinners suffer because they couldnt feel love from God. Dante Alighieri used the term of Contrapasso that all sinners in hell must be punished for sins in a way that reflects their sins. Dante separated hell into nine circles, and each soul that appeared in hell for sins, was going to the certain circle to get their punishment. The first circle of hell is for unbaptized souls or for those people who died before the coming of Christ. Dante Alighieri supposed those souls couldnt be saved so they should get their punishment. All sins connected with the inability to control base desires (such as anger, gluttony, sloth, lust, depending on money), were going for their punishment in circles 2 â€" 5. Circles six and seven were for souls that made any kind of violence. Such sins as malice or fraud were punished in the eight circle, and sinners of treachery go to the nine circle of hell. Almost every punishment that was described in Dantes Inferno is created to present a Contrapasso, a mirror of the sin. Dante travels with Virgil through levels of hell and presents to readers different punishments that sinners get there. At start, we appear in the Vestibule where uncommitted souls get their punishment. They are stinging by bugs constantly just because they were uncommitted in their life. Dante says they were never truly alive so they cant be truly died and must suffer forever. The only place in the hell without Contrapasso is Limbo. Dante decided that those people who werent baptized or born before Christ, dont have their own sins, but they appeared in hell because they couldnt be saved. These souls didnt get any physical pain, but they suffered mentally because they couldnt get Gods love. Contrapasso of the second circle throws sinners into the dark storm forever, this reflects how they allowed their passions to rule their minds. Sinners in the third circle that ar e punished for gluttony, suffer from greedy monsters that tears souls and swallows them, and then they heal only to be torn and ate up again and again. In fourth circle sinners are punished for hoarding on useless items, so they get punishment with suffering from wearing the weight of material wealth. In fifth circle Contrapasso reflects sins of anger and sulky, and such sinners suffer being in the boiling water. Sinners of the sixth circle are encased in sepulchers of fire to punish them for their heresy. On seventh circle sinners are punished for their violence. Depending on the type of violence, Contrapasso leaves them to boil in the blood of victims, stay on the burning sand or being attacked by monstrous harpies. Malicious and fraudulent souls are punished in ten bolgias of eighth circle. They get cruel physical punishments according to their sins. And, in the ninth circle sinners goes to the frozen lake and become ice sculptures to stay frozen forever. We can see that Dante expresses his views on ethics of sins through the concept of Contrapasso, mirroring the political and cultural status of Italy of that times.

Struma †a Ship Filled With Jewish Refugees

Afraid of becoming victims of the horrors being perpetrated by the Nazis in Eastern Europe, 769 Jews attempted to flee to Palestine on board the ship  Struma. Leaving from Romania on December 12, 1941, they were scheduled for a shortstop in Istanbul. However, with a failed engine and no immigration papers, the Struma  and its passengers  became stuck in port for ten weeks. When it was made clear that no country would let the Jewish refugees land, the Turkish government pushed the still-broken  Struma  out to sea on February 23, 1942. Within hours, the stranded ship was torpedoed—there was only one survivor. Boarding By December 1941, Europe was engulfed in World War II and the Holocaust was fully underway, with mobile killing squads (Einsatzgruppen) killing Jews en masse and huge gas chambers being planned at Auschwitz. Jews wanted out of Nazi-occupied Europe but there were few ways to escape. The  Struma  was promised a chance to get to Palestine. The  Struma  was an  old, dilapidated, 180-ton,  Greek cattle ship that  was extremely ill-equipped for this journey - it had only one bathroom for all 769 passengers and no kitchen. Still, it offered hope.   On December 12, 1941, the  Struma  left Constanta,  Romania under a Panamanian flag, with  Bulgarian captain G. T. Gorbatenko in charge.   Having  paid an exorbitant price for passage on the Struma, the passengers hoped that the ship could safely make it to its short, scheduled stop at Istanbul (ostensibly to pick up their Palestinian immigration certificates) and then on to Palestine. Waiting in Istanbul The trip to Istanbul was difficult because the Strumas  engine kept breaking down, but they did reach Istanbul safely in three days. Here, the Turks would not allow the passengers to land. Instead, the Struma was anchored offshore in a quarantine section of the port. While attempts were made to repair the engine, the passengers were forced to stay on board - week after week. It was in Istanbul that the passengers discovered their most serious problem thus far on this trip - there were no immigration certificates awaiting them. It had all been part of a hoax to jack-up the price of the passage. These refugees were attempting (though they had not known it earlier) an illegal entry into Palestine. The British, who were in control of Palestine, had heard of the Strumas voyage and had thus requested the Turkish government prevent the Struma from passing through the Straits. The Turks were adamant that they did not want this group of people on their land. An effort was made to return the ship to Romania, but the Romanian government would not allow it. While the countries debated, the passengers were living a miserable existence on board. On Board Though traveling on the dilapidated Struma  had perhaps seemed endurable for a few days, living on board for weeks upon weeks began to cause serious physical and mental health problems. There was no fresh water on board and the provisions had quickly been used up. The ship was so small that not all the passengers could stand above deck at once; thus, the passengers were forced to take turns on the deck in order to get a respite from the stifling hold.* The Arguments The British did not want to allow the refugees into Palestine because they were afraid that many more shiploads of refugees would follow. Also, some British government officials used the often cited excuse against refugees and emigrants—that there could be an enemy spy among the refugees. The Turks were adamant that no refugees were to land in Turkey. The Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) had even offered to create an on a land camp for the Struma refugees fully funded by the JDC, but the Turks would not agree. Because the Struma was not allowed into Palestine, not allowed to stay in Turkey, and not allowed to return to Romania, the boat and its passengers remained anchored and isolated for ten weeks. Though many were sick, just one woman was allowed to disembark and that was because she was in the advanced stages of pregnancy. The Turkish government then announced that if a decision was not made by February 16, 1942, they would send the Struma back into the Black Sea. Save the Children? For weeks, the British had adamantly denied the entry of all the refugees aboard the  Struma, even the children. But as the Turks deadline neared, the British government acquiesced to allow some of the children to enter Palestine. The British announced that children between the ages of 11 and 16 on the  Struma  would be allowed to immigrate. But there were problems with this. The plan was that the children would disembark, then travel through Turkey to reach Palestine. Unfortunately, the Turks remained stringent on their rule of allowing no refugees onto their land. The Turks would not approve this over-land route. In addition to the Turks refusal to let the children land, Alec Walter George Randall, Counsellor in the British Foreign Office, aptly summarized an additional problem: Even if we get the Turks to agree I should imagine that the process of selecting the children and taking them from their parents off the   Struma  would be an extremely distressing one. Who do you propose should undertake it, and has the possibility of the adults refusing to let the children go been considered?** In the end, no children were let off the  Struma. Set Adrift The Turks had set a deadline for February 16. By this date, there was still no decision. The Turks then waited a few more days. But on the night of February 23, 1942, Turkish police boarded the  Struma  and informed its passengers that they were to be removed from Turkish waters. The passengers begged and pleaded - even put up some resistance - but to no avail. The  Struma  and its passengers were towed approximately six miles (ten kilometers) from the coast and left there. The boat still had no working engine (all attempts to repair it had failed). The  Struma  also had no fresh water, food, or fuel. Torpedoed After just a couple of hours drifting, the Struma  exploded. Most believe that a Soviet torpedo hit and sank the  Struma. The Turks did not send out rescue boats until the next morning - they only picked up one survivor (David Stoliar). All 768 of the other passengers perished. * Bernard Wasserstein, Britain and the Jews of Europe, 1939-1945 (London: Clarendon Press, 1979) 144.** Alec Walter George Randall as quoted in Wasserstein, Britain 151. Bibliography Ofer, Dalia. Struma.  Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. Ed. Israel Gutman. New York: Macmillan Library Reference USA, 1990. Wasserstein, Bernard.  Britain and the Jews of Europe, 1939-1945. London: Clarendon Press, 1979. Yahil, Leni.  The Holocaust: The Fate of European Jewry. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Gender Inequality-Charlotte Gilman Janet Chafetz

Gender Inequality Charlotte P. Gilman amp; Janet Chafetz Gender Inequality Gender Inequality is when men and women are separated by the belief that one gender is superior to the other in forms that deny full participation or restrictions to one’s ability to live an equal life. Ever since the dawn of time there has been one gender superior to the other and to this day there are still gender differences in the political, economical and physical life of a male versus a female. Charlotte Perkins Gilman is one theorist that I chose to help explain this trend of males having power over women. Gilman was an evolutionist theorist; her point of view helps me explain how gender inequality came about and how women are viewed during the late†¦show more content†¦Gilman would propose that this would fall under her gynaecocentric theory where men were too powerful and women were slowly moved from the productive sphere and were exploited. Chafetz proposes that these women were in the meso level of her coercive structure. Women held positions such as nurse s to help aid the men, while there was no chance of them advancing or even getting paid. This was also based on an unintentional change because men were out at war and so women were left to take over some positions to fill the gaps. In the 1900’s everything began to change for women. Men went to fight at WWI so their positions as airplane and automotive mechanics, truck drivers and police officers had to be replenished (Women, 2010). Women were also discouraged from taking jobs from men. Some states even forbid Image source: http://school.discoveryeducation.com women to work but many had to support their family some way so they worked despite the low wages and horrible conditions (Women, 2010). The Ziegfield Image source:silverscreenmodiste.comsilverscreenmodiste.comsilverscreenmodiste.com Follies were women who had to be a certain size and look a certain way to be able to perform (work). The different changes since the beginning of time justify Gilman’s theory of evolution. The economy during this time period has change so much that these women had to do what was in their best interest and work regardless ofShow MoreRelatedFeminist Theory2762 Words   |  12 Pagesto achieve them. For nearly one hundred and fifty years, women have fought for equality and been oppressed by men, and no matter what they do, they will never be considered equals (Hughes, 2002:161). Feminism focuses on the relations between genders and how both male and female become classified as distinct groups rather than a team united as one. The preceding was what feminists and historians want us believe, however, this is not always the case and quite possibly, it has never been the

The Types of Tourism in Belarus Free Essays

When speaking about tourism potential of Belarus, it’s important to mention that it is mainly based on natural diversity and beauty and unique historic and cultural heritage including thousands of tourism objects of historic, cultural and architectural value, memorable places connected with the names of world’s outstanding historical and cultural figures. Cultural tourism (or culture tourism) is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or region’s culture, specifically the lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas, the history of those peoples, their art, architecture, religion(s), and other elements that helped shape their way of life. On the territory of Belarus there is a number of ancient towns such as Polotsk, Novogrudok, Turov, Grodno, Nesvizh and many others. We will write a custom essay sample on The Types of Tourism in Belarus or any similar topic only for you Order Now In many towns there are numerous temples and monasteries, palaces, castles and other monuments of architectural, historic and cultural value. Four architectural monuments that situated on the territory of the Republic of Belarus are included in the List of UNESCO World Heritage: Castle complex †Mirâ€Å" situated in the village of Mir (Grodno region), architectural and cultural complex of the Radzivilles at the town of Nesvizh (Minsk region), Belovezhskaya Pushcha (Brest region), the Struve Geodetic Arc (a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through ten countries and over 2,820 km). Nowadays the most popular excursions are connected with cultural, ethnographic and historic heritage of Belarus, such as â€Å"Budslav-Glubokoe-Mosar†, â€Å"Dudutki†, â€Å"The world of small towns† (Ivenez-Rakov). Rehabilitation tourism (also called medical travel, health tourism or global healthcare) is a term initially coined by travel agencies and the mass media to describe the rapidly-growing practice of traveling to obtain health care. From the almost forgotten folktales and ancient legends the deep-rooted belief in the healing power of nature is becoming stronger and stronger in us, the children of the hi-tech age. And this belief isn’t so naive. Belarus actually possesses a variety of resources for the development of therapeutical and rehabilitation tourism. The fund of healing resources including a complex of climatic factors alongside with mineral water springs and medicinal peloids facilitates the treatment of quite a range of diseases. In Belarus the background for developing this type of tourism is rather rich. There are many mineral water resources, therapeutic peloids, speleo, climatic and phytotherapeutic resources. This potential is used by various sanatorium-and-spa institutions on the territory of Belarus. There are more than 300 sanatorium-and-spa institutions including sanatoria, recreation centers, vacation houses, rehabilitation centers for children. The most popular sanatoria are â€Å"Naroch†, â€Å"Radon†, â€Å"Belaya Rus†, â€Å"Ozerny†. Recreation centers of republic importance are â€Å"Vileika†(the largest in Belarus), â€Å"Berezino†, â€Å"Stolbzy†, â€Å"Ivenez†. You can try the more active way of restoring your energy and fitness, unless the quiet sanatorium surrouding suits your rhythm of life. There are several tourist centers that serve the aim of health resumption. They are  «Narochanka »,  «Vysoky bereg »,  «Braslavskie ozyora »,  «Lesnoye ozero »,  «Beloye ozero »,  «Losvido »,  «Orta »,  «Sozh »,  «Nieman ». Belarus has all the facilities for those who is used to the active way of life and is fond of being challenged by hiking, cycling, horse and water travelling so you can choose what suits you more for having a good time and rest. Belarus has a gentle nature, virgin woods and calm, blue eyes of the lakes and endless fields stretching as far as eye can follow. Water tourism is becoming the most enjoyed one in Belarus, the country with more than 20 thousand rivers and 10 thousand lakes. Lakes Naroch, Svityaz and Braslav Lakes, the rivers Narochanka, Villia, Ysloch, Nieman, Shchara, Prypiats, Berezina are extremely popular waterways among the tourists. There great prospects for the water tourism will become available due to the launching of the project on the water canals of XVIII-XIX cent. restoration. They are Avgustovsky, Ogynsky canals of the Berezina water system. What is more the Dnieper-and-Bug canal will be facilitated with tourism infrastrucrure. And for this restoration the ancient waterways of polish kings and the legendary way â€Å"from Varagian to Greek† will come to life. The abundance of easy waterways will acquaint you with a range of main sights of the country let alone bring you a delight of rafting. There are the east to west and north to south itineraries. Another favourite itinerary that enjoys the popularity is a hike to the special nature reserve â€Å"Golubye ozyora† (Blue lakes). The scenery of the two sapphires of the lakes Gloublya and Gloubelka that unfolds magnificently when you stand on the observation ground makes you stop and stare. Belarusian roads invite everyone to have amusing bike rides. This means of transport makes you feel free and careless, feel the touch with nature not breaking its fragile balance. Besides the bike-routes within the country there are some from Germany and Poland to Russia and the countries of the Baltic Sea. How to cite The Types of Tourism in Belarus, Papers

The structure and arrangement of leafs Essay Example

The structure and arrangement of leafs Essay Leaf from a tree: below is a short description of an ordinary leaf. This is the most common set up for a leaf. Each cell has their important task for survival. The characteristic of an ordinary terrestrial leaf is:The leaf is wide and thin to expose as much photosynthetic cells as possible. The leaf has a waxy cuticle to protect the leaf from losing to much water. Below the cuticle is the epidermis that protects the plant from pathogens. The cuticle is secreted by epidermis. Under the epidermis palisade mesophyll can be found.They contain photosynthetic cells called chloroplast. Chloroplast are solar- powered-food-making cells for the rest of the plant. These absorb sunlight to join carbon dioxide and water molecules. The final product is glucose molecules. The by-product of this process is oxygen. Below the palisade mesophyll there are several types of cells: Xylem vessels are heavy lignifified and they are conducting water and mineral salts to the rest of the leaf. Phloem sleave tu bes remove products of photosyntasis, imports amino acid and redistribute ions (xylem and phloem are together vascular bundles). Spongy mesophyll are cells that contain some chloroplast, they are irregular in shape with large space in between the cells to allow exchange of gases. Water evaporates from these cells.Under the leaf is the lower epidermis. It has a similar structure and function as upper epidermis but thinner.In the lower epidermis guard cells and stomata is present.Stomata are pores in the leaf allowing diffusion of gases. Stomata are formed by two guard cells on each side of an opening of a pore.The stomata are responsible for the exchange of gases, it will also allow for loss of excess water or the retention of water. The stomata close at night and open during the day.NymphaeaWater lilyThe floating leaf such as the water lilys have their roots in a bottom of a pond and their leaves and flowers are floating on the surface of the water. The leaf is big and thin. This is to increase the surface to leave as many photosynthetic cells as possible exposed to the sun. The water lily has had to make adaptations to survive this environment.The epidermis produces a leathery and waxy cuticle. The cuticles task is to protect the plant from evaporation. The cuticle is important, as the plant has to protect itself from attacked by any bacteria, fungi or pathogens. This helps the plant floating and water can roll off keeping the leaf clean from dust assisting in photosynthesis. It also helps the structure of the plan so it dose not curl up or gets folded over by wind or waves. As the Nymphaea is always floating, the epidermis have all their stomata on the top of the leaf. This unusual arrangement allows the leaf to exchange gases. It also makes the plant loose more water but water is never a problem for a water lily.The stomata have pores in the epidermis accompanied by guard cells that has the ability to open the pores up or close them.The nympheae epidermis h as parlisade mesophyll that is rich in photosynthetic chloroplast. The Parlisade mesophyll is particularly thick in the water lily. The cells are stacked on top of each other and have big air spaces. These air spaces help the plant afloat. In the parlisade mesophyll are sclereids cells that are dead, hard, fibrous cells that support the structure to the leaf and provide some toughness for the leaf and prevent the parlisade mespophyll from collapsing.Below is the spongy mesophyll. Where some gas exchanges occur it also has intercellular cavities (aerenchyma), which provide buoyancy. The bottom of the leaf has epidermis but the stomata are plugged, not letting any water in to the air spaces.Marram grassMarram grass has adapted to survive life on a beach where it faces challenges such as sand blast, drought and a salty environment. When it rains fresh water drains quickly away in the sand. The marram grass has made many adaptations to retrain water. The plant has developed some salt re sistant.The marram grass is surrounded by water but fresh water is hard to come by on a beach. Marram grass has developed shallow root system and is dependent on condensation from fresh water in the sand dunes. In turn this helps the sand to stay on the beach.The roots suck up the water and distribute it to the rest of the plant.If the marram grass would have big leafs as the water lily or a tree leaf the marram grass would loose the water quickly due to evaporation.So marram grass has developed many additional adaptations to protect the water is has retained. The leaf itself it long, thin and rolled up. It has developed a thick waxy cuticle to reduce transpiration and protects it leaf from sandblast. The upper epidermis does not have any stomata. This is to reduce transpiration further. In the lower epidermis are hinge cells, these cell regulate the structure and control the cavity of the leaf. If the marram grass is under stress and does not have much water the hinge cells becomes flaccid making the marram grass to roll up to almost a circle and create a humid atmosphere inside the leaf. They are ether flaccid or rigid depending on whether the cells release or retrain water. In this way the marram grass can protect the water supply remaining in the plant and at the same time reduce the plants surface exposed from the drying effects of wind and sun. (In the lower epidermis stomata is present.) The mesophyll with its photosynthetic tissue is protected from direct sunlight. This is to reduce demand from water.The lower epidermis has fine hair that interlock in the rolled up state helping the plant to retain the water. When the plant spread the leaf out the fine hair can collect water vapour. When the plant is rolled up it prevent the plant from collecting carbon dioxide and no foodstuff for the plant is produced. This is a small price to pay for survival of the plant.EricaHeatherErica grows in bog land where the earth often gets waterlogged and soil has a high content of acid. The heather is exposed to wet, cold and windy weather and the soil has high peat content. To survive the Erica had to make adaptations. The plant does not retain water very well, as the leaf is small, thin and almost like a needle. The heather has developed defense mechanisms against dehydration. The leaf has a particularly thick epidermis and the cuticle is waxy and shiny. This is to protect the leaf from the winds dehydrating effects. The shine of the cuticle helps the leaf to reflect the heat this is also done to protect the plants water supply. The erica is partially rolled up this is to protect the under surface of the leaf against the wind. Stomata are only present under the leaf (abaxial surface). The stomata are sunken and surrounded by hairs and allow water vapor build up in this enclosed aria. These hairs and sunken stomata help to reduce the water evaporation. The hair also supplies the leaf with their own environment under the leaf to retrain water. The heather has evergreen leafs which means it can use the leaf more than one year to produce food for the plant.Further questions:1) How to prepare a microscope on a high power.a) Place the object on the stageb) Adjust the lens to the lowest magnification.c) Adjust the light adjuster making sure enough light gets in to the lens.d) Look at the object from the side of the stage and use the lens adjuster making sure the lens is just above the object.e) Look down the eye piece and adjust the focus until the object is in focus.f) Change the magnification to a higher power. Adjust the focus until you se the slide clearly.2a) 1 Epidermis, 2 Collenchyma, 3 Parenchyma, 4 Xylem,5 Sclerenchyma, 6 Cambium2b) Epidermis has tough fibers. Epidermis protects the plant from pathogens and forces like wind. The epidermis in helianthus is one cell thick but has developed small, thin hair. This is to preserve water in the plant by limiting air movement and to reflect light. The epidermis also produces the cuticle. This is to protect the plant further from water loss and invasion against bacteria and pathogens.Sclerenchyma is like a cap of the vascular bundle. They have developed in to supporting fibers that offer the plant strength. They are heavy lignified and have no living content.Cambium is a non-specified cell cells that are found in the middle of xylem or phloem. They are square like cells that can either divide to xylem or phoem, depending where the cells are needed.